QCORE-C1 Release Notes

RTL v0.9.5 January 2026 Pre-Silicon

This document tracks RTL revisions, tapeout milestones, silicon errata, and design rule updates for the QCORE-C1 post-quantum cryptographic accelerator chiplet. The QCORE-C1 is currently in pre-silicon development targeting SkyWater SKY130 prototype fabrication.

Current Release: RTL v0.9.5 #

RTL v0.9.5 represents the feature-complete milestone for the QCORE-C1 chiplet. All major functional blocks — the 8-way Radix-16 NTT array, Keccak-f[1600] hashing core, polynomial arithmetic unit, CBD sampler, Kyber control FSM, and QLI interface — have achieved RTL completion and are undergoing verification closure.

Key Achievements

MetricTargetAchievedStatus
RTL Completion100%95%On track
Functional Verification100%87%In progress
Code Coverage>95%91%In progress
Lint Warnings0 critical0 critical✓ Complete
Synthesis (SKY130)CleanClean✓ Complete
STA Timing ClosureMetMet @ 100MHz✓ Complete

New in v0.9.5 #

NTT Array Optimization

The 8-way Radix-16 NTT butterfly array now achieves full pipeline utilization with zero-bubble scheduling. Twiddle factor ROM has been compressed by 40% using symmetry exploitation, reducing die area by approximately 0.05 mm² without impacting throughput. The NTT forward and inverse transforms complete a 256-coefficient polynomial in 16 clock cycles.

QLI Protocol Controller v0.1

Initial implementation of the Quantum Lattice Interface protocol layer with credit-based flow control, CRC-32 packet integrity, and optional KMAC-128 authentication. The link training FSM has been validated in FPGA co-simulation against a QLI host bridge model.

Keccak-f[1600] Unrolled Pipeline

The Keccak core has been re-architected from a 24-round iterative design to a 6-stage unrolled pipeline (4 rounds per stage), reducing hash latency from 24 cycles to 6 cycles. SHA-3/SHAKE-128/SHAKE-256 modes are supported with automatic padding.

Power Management Integration

Added clock gating for idle NTT lanes, Keccak core auto-shutdown, and QLI low-power link states (L1/L2). Estimated power reduction of 35% during idle periods on the SKY130 prototype.

Resolved Issues #

Table 1 — Resolved Issues in v0.9.5
Issue IDModuleDescription
QC1-142NTT ArrayFixed coefficient reduction modulo q=3329 overflow on back-to-back inverse NTT operations
QC1-138Keccak CoreCorrected SHA-3 padding for messages with length exactly divisible by rate parameter
QC1-131QLI PHYResolved DDR sampling metastability on RX path at clock domain boundary
QC1-127CBD SamplerFixed binomial distribution bias for η=3 (ML-KEM-1024) noise generation
QC1-119Kyber FSMCorrected encapsulation state machine hang when decapsulation fails integrity check
QC1-115SRAM ControllerFixed arbitration deadlock between NTT and Keccak concurrent SRAM access

Known Issues #

Table 2 — Known Issues
Issue IDModuleDescriptionWorkaround
QC1-148QLI TrainingLink training timeout occurs if host delays credit initialization by >100μsEnsure host sends initial credits within 50μs of INIT_DONE
QC1-145DFTScan chain 3 (Keccak) has insufficient coverage in ATPG patternsNone; additional patterns being generated
QC1-143Clock GatingNTT lane wake-up adds 2 extra cycles vs. spec (4 cycles instead of 2)Pre-wake NTT lanes before submitting operations

Tapeout Status #

The QCORE-C1 prototype is targeting the SkyWater SKY130 process via the Efabless chipIgnite shuttle program. Current tapeout preparation status:

Table 3 — Tapeout Preparation Checklist
MilestoneStatusTarget Date
RTL freezeIn progressJanuary 2026
Verification closure (>95% coverage)In progressJanuary 2026
Synthesis + floorplan (OpenLane 2)Complete—
STA sign-off @ 100MHzComplete—
DRC clean (SKY130)In progressFebruary 2026
LVS cleanIn progressFebruary 2026
GDS-II submission (chipIgnite)PendingQ1 2026

Previous Releases #

RTL v0.9.0 — November 2025

First feature-complete candidate. All major blocks integrated at top level. QLI PHY operational in loopback mode. NTT array validated against reference ML-KEM test vectors (NIST ACVP). Initial OpenLane 2 synthesis achieved timing closure at 80MHz.

RTL v0.8.0 — September 2025

NTT array and Keccak core integrated. Kyber FSM supporting ML-KEM-768 KeyGen and Encaps. SRAM controller with dual-port arbitration. FPGA prototype on XCZU7EV demonstrating end-to-end ML-KEM operations.

RTL v0.5.0 — June 2025

Individual block-level verification complete. NTT butterfly unit, Keccak-f[1600] permutation, polynomial arithmetic unit, and CBD sampler validated independently. Initial QLI PHY RTL with TX/RX datapaths.

Development Roadmap #

Table 4 — Upcoming Milestones
VersionTargetKey Features
v0.9.6February 2026RTL freeze, DRC/LVS clean, final verification closure
v1.0.0Q1 2026Tapeout candidate — GDS-II submission to chipIgnite
v1.1.0 (GF22FDX)Q3 2026Production port to GlobalFoundries 22FDX, target 500MHz+
See also: For the full development timeline and investment breakdown, refer to the Architecture Deep Dive and QCORE-C1 Overview.